The Ebbott Family Farm in the Parish of Fryers

The Ebbott Family owned property in the parish of Fryers, Victoria from 1858 to 1867. They were living in nearby Glenluce (sometimes spelt Glenluse) at the time only 3 miles away. Where they lived in Glenuce is not clear, but when John Ebbott purchased his fourth property in 1859 he was still identified as “John Ebbott of Glenuse” in the paperwork.[i]

John Ebbott purchased the first three lots of land from the crown for the sum of £38-26s-3p near Fryerstown.[ii] The three properties highlighted in yellow were purchased in 1858.

Purchasing an adjoining property

In 1859 John advertised the sale of 50 head of cattle.[iii]

Soon after selling 50 head of cattle he purchased his last property in 1859 marked on the above map in orange.[iv]

The Challenges of Developing his property

As the purchaser of Crown land John Ebbott would have secured uncleared land. His first task would have been to clear the land, and fence it before deciding the type of farming he was going to conduct. The struggle to develop the farm must have been great as we see him going into debt possibly buying equipment from McMillan & Padley.

Perhaps it was a case of misunderstanding as a month later he became “one of the trustees of the land reserved for the use of the Wesleyan Church in Chewton”[v]

Farming life was very harsh as alluded to in his biography after his death “a great trial of affliction, when the plague devoured his cattle, and fire consumed his homestead”[vi] It must been heartbreaking to survive the death of his cattle only to have the fires come through in 1865. Not alone he was “among those who were burned out on the “Black Monday” of 1865.[vii] In a letter sent to the Mount Alexander Mail concerning the Black Monday Fires in 1865 the author talks of Mr J Ebbott’s farm, “seven years' hard labor in improving a farm, ..... fences, stockyards, hay-stacks, corn, &c.,”[viii]
Sadly John died two years after the fires. In spite of his hardships John Ebbott was a much revered figure in the community and “has been mentioned before as a class leader and spiritual father, at Chapel Hill” in Frysterown.[ix]

It is difficult to know whether John Ebbott and his family ever lived on this property although once the farm became established after a few years they may have moved from Glenluce onto the property.

After the sale and settlement of the land his widow Sarah "Sally" moved to Eaglehawk and purchased property allotment 116 Section M in California Gully, Eaglehawk.[x]

Links

This story is part of the NFHM Blogging Challenge - Week 4

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[i] Victorian Crown Land Purchases, County of Talbot, 1859/50915, John Ebbott
[ii] Victorian Crown Land Purchases, County of Talbot, 1858/50914, 1858/50908 & 1859/50915, John Ebbott
[iii] Advertising (1859, May 27). Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 1. Retrieved August 27, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199049272
[iv] LAND SALE AT CASTLEMAINE. (1859, July 22).Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 5. Retrieved August 27, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199050151
[v] GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. (1861, October 5).The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 5. Retrieved August 28, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article154899510
[vi] Biography Mr John Ebbott, (1867) The Wesleyan Chronicle for the Year 1867,: 2^nd Series:Vol. VII. Vol.X. from the commencement. P.unkn
[vii] MONTHLY LETTER (1865, March 24). Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207001730
[viii] CORRESPONDENCE. (1865, March 28). Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207000884
[ix] THE GAZETTE. (1861, October 5). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 5. Retrieved August 30, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5704750
[x] Annette O'Donohue & Bev Hanson, Eaglehawk & District Pioneer Register Volume 2 -D~I (Maiden Gully, Vic. : A.M. O'Donohue, 1995<1998>), Pioneer #2342 p.330. .... Victorian Land Title, Volume 238 Folio 12 Jul 1873.

Bibliography

Advertising (1857, May 20). Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 3. Retrieved August 30, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197085718
Advertising (1859, May 27). Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199049272
Advertising (1867, July 1). Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 3. Retrieved August 30, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198647987
Annette O'Donohue & Bev Hanson, Eaglehawk & District Pioneer Register Volume 2 -D~I (Maiden Gully, Vic. : A.M. O'Donohue, 1995<1998>), Pioneer #2342 p.330, John Ebbott
Biography Mr John Ebbott, (1867) The Wesleyan Chronicle for the Year 1867,: 2^nd Series:Vol. VII. Vol.X. from the commencement. P.unkn
COUNTY COURT. (1861, September 27). Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 5. Retrieved August 30, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197096893
CORRESPONDENCE. (1865, March 28). Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207000884
F.E. Hiscocks & Co. 1874, F.E. Hiscocks & Co.'s new Victorian counties atlas, 1874 together with map of Victoria, indicating roads, distances, relative position of counties, &c G. Robertson, Melbourne page 14, viewed 27 August 2016 http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-231008711 (Original Image - Public Domain; cropped & Annotated to highlight Glenluce, Chewton & Fryerstown) (CC BY-SA 4.0)
GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. (1861, October 5).The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 5. Retrieved August 28, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article154899510
LAND SALE AT CASTLEMAINE. (1859, July 22).Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 5. Retrieved August 27, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199050151
MONTHLY LETTER (1865, March 24). Mount Alexander Mail (Vic. : 1854 - 1917), p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207001730
Parish Map of Fyers, source not known, cropped and annotated
Victorian Crown Land Purchases, County of Talbot, 1858/6166, John Ebbott
Victorian Crown Land Purchases, County of Talbot, 1858/50908, John Ebbott
Victorian Crown Land Purchases, County of Talbot, 1858/50914, John Ebbott
Victorian Crown Land Purchases, County of Talbot, 1859/50915, John Ebbott
Victorian Crown Land Purchases, County of Talbot, 1859/50915, John Ebbott
Victorian Land Title, County of Talbot, Volume 238 Folio 47448, Sarah Ebbott

Wagga Wagga Voluntary Aid Detachment

Was Grandma a member of the Wagga Wagga Voluntary Aid Detachment?

My grandmother, known to most of her friends as Rita, was born Margaret Edith Jacka in the year 1900 to parents Edwin Knight Jacka and Elizabeth Ebbott.[i]  Margaret married John (aka Jack) Williamson at the age of 22 (he was eight years her senior)  in 1922 at The Methodist Church in Hamilton, New South Wales.[ii] By 1937 the couple were living in Wagga Wagga, NSW.[iii]

World War II began in 1939, and although not confirmed, it is thought that the couple were still residing in Wagga Wagga with their 3 children, John, Margaret and Dorothy who ranged in age from 7 to 14.

She “was active in the Methodist Church, despite her husband’s protestations.  In fact, a lot of what she did seemed to be in spite of Jack.  In the Second World War she joined the Voluntary Aid Detachment, and he wasn’t too keen on that.”[iv] Maybe the call is what inspired Rita join the VAD.  It was certainly reported and advertised widely in the press.

Did she answer the call for volunteers in 1939 to support the local war effort?

Figure 2 Excerpt from the Daily Advertiser, 1939

The photo below shows a street parade of marching women that includes my grandmother. The photo indicates that she might have been a member of the Voluntary Aid Detachment (VAD) in 1939 as not all the women are in strict uniform.

Figure 1 Photographer Unknown, Street Parade, possibly in Wagga Wagga, c1940, scanned image

What was the Wagga Wagga VAD?

“The Wagga Wagga VAD was strong and valuable with 143 members in total over the World War II period.  It was a military based organisation carrying out medical assistance at the various military camps and bases as well as Wagga Wagga hospitals (including the public Wagga Base Hospital and the private hospitals, Welwyn and Lewisham). They were also active in non-medical voluntary activities and in fundraising, with most proceeds going to the Australian Red Cross Society.”[v] “The Wagga Wagga VAD also raised funds for the Mayor’s Patriotic and War Fund and the Australian Comforts Fund, along with other local organisations.”[vi]

What was Grandma’s role in the Wagga Wagga VAD?

Often we think of war as being at the battle fronts, and perhaps this is why it is so difficult to find out what Rita’s role was in the VAD. But she, along with other volunteers2, made a world of difference to those training and preparing to leave, and those away or returning. 

It is these unsung heroes and heroines that I admire, the ones whose stories we struggle to tell. It is their strong steadfast support that makes everything else possible.

Links

This story is part of the NFHM Blogging Challenge - Week 3

Sources

Images
Figure 1 Photographer Unknown, Street Parade, possibly in Wagga Wagga, c1940, scanned image
Figure 2 Excerpt from STRIKING RESPONSE BY WOMEN OF WAGGA (1939, September 19). Daily Advertiser (Wagga Wagga, NSW : 1911 - 1954), p. 2. Retrieved August 21, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article144244315

Documents

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[i] Victorian Birth Certificate, District of Brunswick, 1900/1238, Margaret Edith Jacka

[ii] NSW Marriage Certificate, district of Sydney, 1922/11616,  John Aaron Palmer Williamson & Margaret Edith Jacka

[iii] Ancestry.com. Australia, Electoral Rolls, 1903-1980 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010. Subdistrict: Wagga Wagga, Year 1937 Entries #8241 John Palmer Williamson & #8245 Margaret Edith Williamson Citing Original data: Australian Electoral Commission. [Electoral roll].

[iv] Christine Filliamundi, Memories of Grandma Williamson 20150108v2, unpublished essay, 2015; Helen Condon, personal communication with the author, 2006

[v] Kathleen Linder, 'Serving our King and Country' VAs in Wagga Wagga 1939-1946, Charles Sturt University Regional Archives Summer Scholarship Report 2006-2007

[vi] Kathleen Linder, 'Serving our King and Country' VAs in Wagga Wagga 1939-1946, Charles Sturt University Regional Archives Summer Scholarship Report 2006-2007 

The Working Life Of Walter Todman

This is my contribution to the National Family History Month Blogging Challenge for Week Two.
The Challenges that Walter Todman faced in his occupation as a motor mechanic were many. He and his family moved around a lot until he established a business in Chapel Street in 1897. The family lived behind the shop.

Figure 1 Advertising (1897, December 24). Jewish Herald (Vic. : 1879 - 1920), , p. 13. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article147278228

From 1898 onwards we see him advertising for Staff as the business grows

Figure 2 Advertising (1899, October 23). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), , p. 3. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article188653927


Figure 3 Advertising (1901, April 16). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), , p. 9. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article196061341
Employing staff however brought on responsibilities. Times were difficult and chasing unpaid debts must have been difficult and we see him in court on the Civil List of the Prahran Police Court chasing unpaid debts

“Walter Todman v, A. Johnson, work and labour, £2. order with 5s. Costs”[1]

Walter’s passion however was for inventing things, before he got married he registered patents in NSW including one for the improvement of shearing equipment.[2] He was also a pioneer in new and emerging forms of transportation. He was involved in designing oversized skates for getting around in 1901 before the car became the major force that we know of today.


Figure 4 Cycling notes. (1901, September 19). Punch (Melbourne, Vic. : 1900 - 1918; 1925), , p. 26. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175389085

However tragedy hit both his business and family life in the matter month. His youngest child, “Little Lottie” died, just a month after a fierce northerly gales broke a large and expensive plate glass window in his garage.[3]

Figure 5 Family Notices (1909, January 9). Malvern Standard (Vic. : 1906 - 1931), , p. 3. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66383631

The world must have seemed as though it was becoming a hostile place. In 1910 there was much animosity against the car as it became the dominate form of transportation. Walter had expanded the business and was now situated at 476, 478. 480 Chapel St., Sth. Yarra.[4]

Figure 6 MOTORS AND MOTORING (1910, April 23). Leader (Melbourne, Vic. : 1862 - 1918), , p. 20. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article196486952

While all this was going Walter became insolvent.

Figure 7 "Victoria Government Gazette – Online Archive – 1910, P5540". 2016. Gazette.Slv.Vic.Gov.Au. Accessed August 12 2016. http://gazette.slv.vic.gov.au/view.cgi?year=1910&class=general&page_num=5540&state=V&classNum=G159&searchCode=2959255

Not deterred however Walter appears to have been able to carry on his business and 3 Cato Street, in Prahran in 1821.[5] By 1823 he was back to inventing and involved invention of a steam driven car.[6] However everything must have taken his toll as by 1925 we see him organising to retire from business.

Figure 8 Advertising (1925, May 4). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), , p. 2. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article155754114

Walter was working in a field that was changing rapidly and at the edge of technology, he showed fortitude and tenacity and it to be much admired and I have only scratched the surface of his life.

Sources
Advertising (1910, July 9). Advocate (Melbourne, Vic. : 1868 - 1954), , p. 41. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article170914859
Ancestry.com. New South Wales, Australia, Government Gazettes, 1853-1899 [database on-line]. Page 2675 Year 1889 April - June Entry # 162 W.Todman (Image 237 of 2092). Original data: New South Wales Government Gazette. Assorted volumes, 1853–1899. Sydney, Australia: New South Wales State Records Authority, 1853-1899.
Family Notices (1909, January 9). Malvern Standard (Vic. : 1906 - 1931), , p. 3. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66383631; FIERCE NORTHERLY CALE. DAMAGE IN THE SUBURBS. (1909, November 22). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), , p. 7. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10748974
PIONEER MOTORING. (1923, July 14). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), , p. 6. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2005084
PRAHRAN POLICE COURT (1899, April 22).The Prahran Telegraph (Vic. : 1889 - 1930), , p. 6. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article144636088
Victorian Land Title, Vol 1917 Folio 256.Walter Todman, 1921
Images
Figure 1 Advertising (1897, December 24). Jewish Herald (Vic. : 1879 - 1920), , p. 13. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article147278228
Figure 2 Advertising (1899, October 23). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), , p. 3. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article188653927
Figure 3 Advertising (1901, April 16). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), , p. 9. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article196061341
Figure 4 Cycling notes. (1901, September 19). Punch (Melbourne, Vic. : 1900 - 1918; 1925), , p. 26. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175389085
Figure 5 Family Notices (1909, January 9). Malvern Standard (Vic. : 1906 - 1931), , p. 3. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66383631
Figure 6 MOTORS AND MOTORING (1910, April 23). Leader (Melbourne, Vic. : 1862 - 1918), , p. 20. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article196486952
Figure 7 "Victoria Government Gazette – Online Archive – 1910, P5540". 2016. Gazette.Slv.Vic.Gov.Au. Accessed August 12 2016. http://gazette.slv.vic.gov.au/view.cgi?year=1910&class=general&page_num=5540&state=V&classNum=G159&searchCode=2959255
Figure 8 Advertising (1925, May 4). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), , p. 2. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article155754114

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[1] PRAHRAN POLICE COURT (1899, April 22).The Prahran Telegraph (Vic. : 1889 - 1930), , p. 6. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article144636088
[2] Ancestry.com. New South Wales, Australia, Government Gazettes, 1853-1899 [database on-line]. Page 2675 Year 1889 April - June Entry # 162 W.Todman (Image 237 of 2092).  Original data: New South Wales Government Gazette. Assorted volumes, 1853–1899. Sydney, Australia: New South Wales State Records Authority, 1853-1899.
[3] Family Notices (1909, January 9). Malvern Standard (Vic. : 1906 - 1931), , p. 3. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66383631; FIERCE NORTHERLY CALE. DAMAGE IN THE SUBURBS. (1909, November 22). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), , p. 7. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10748974
[4] Advertising (1910, July 9). Advocate (Melbourne, Vic. : 1868 - 1954), , p. 41. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article170914859
[5] Victorian Land Title, Vol 1917 Folio 256.Walter Todman, 1921
[6] PIONEER MOTORING. (1923, July 14). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), , p. 6. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2005084

From the 1816 Muster to the 1828 Australian Census

This is my belated contribution to the National Family History Month Blogging Chanllenge for Week One
William Carbis Snr. was one of three men who had been caught, convicted and transported together on the Ocean for Life to NSW in 1816.[i] Below is a summary of what has been found (to date) in the musters up to and including the 1828 Census for William Carbis Sen., William Carbis Jnr. and Francis Bassett.
As convicts sentenced to life in NSW one assumes that the sentence was forever and that their life was one of servitude. This however, is far from the true story. All sorts of arrangements were entered into that are not revealed in the annual convict musters. Below is a summary of what has been found (to date) in the musters for William Carbis Sen., William Carbis Jnr. and Francis Bassett.[ii]

There appears to be a change in William Carbis Snr status between 1817 and 1820 as he becomes a government servant. Why there has been a change in his status is not clear. Reasons could include the following possibilities, a clerical error, or he may have not coped as a settlerman in a foreign land and been re-classified as a government servant, or may have been considered to have lied about his trade (husbandman on marriage certificate vs seaman on arrest/convict records). By the 1819 convict muster it stated that he was sent to Mr. J. Campbell, along with 7 others serving life-sentence’s who had also arrived on the Ocean in 1816. Where he distributed to after that is not clear.
By the 1822 muster he was listed as a farmer. In order for this to occur he must have received his Ticket of Leave.[iii] The 1822 muster tells us that his son William Carbis Jun. is assigned to him as a government servant. In 1828 Francis Bassett, who received his ticket of leave in 1822, also joins William Snr. on his farm as a labourer.
In the muster documents it appears that William Snr. and William Jun. were both assigned to J. Campbell. However, there is some evidence to contradict this. In a letter written by William Carbis Jun. in application for his ticket of leave it appears he worked for either Win Bawn and/or C M Doyle (who both signed the supporting statement) from 1816 to 1822.[iv]

Figure 1 SRNSW, Colonial Secretary Correspondence Letters Received 1826-1934 Petitions, 4/2247, 34/205 excerpt concerning William Carbis petition for a Conditional Pardon

It is confusing to untangle the detail as many private arrangements could also be made. A man could spend part of the day working in servitude and the other part of the day working for himself as explained in the quote below.
“When male or female convicts arrived in Sydney or Hobart in the first fifty years, they were usually assigned to work either for the government or for a private individual. In the early years the government provided a food allowance for those who were privately assigned, while their masters obtained the benefit of their work. Until tighter regulations were introduced, both privately and publicly assigned convicts were allowed to work for themselves in the afternoons, earning an income. In effect, part of the day was their own. Some lived in accommodation supplied by their masters, while many others lived in their own housing.”[v]

In conclusion, we know that between 1816 – 1828 William Carbis Senior was a government servant, although he may have been a settlerman for a short time after arrival in 1816. He may have worked both as a government servant to someone, (yet to be identified), part of the day, and for himself as some sort of farmer in the afternoon. By 1821 he is a farmer possibly after receiving his Ticket of Leave (the copy of which is yet to be located) in the same year. His son who had been working as a government servant for either Win Bawn and/or C M Doyle came to work for him. It would also seem that Francis Bassett may also have worked for him in 1822 after receiving his Ticket of leave for a short time before going to Richmond.[vi] The 1828 gives us a wonderful insight across the whole of NSW for both convict and non convict persons living in Australia.

This article in part is based on a previous article authored by me that appeared at https://www.ourfamilypast.com/article/home/2072/haa007-intro-william-carbis that was prepared for coursework related to the UTAS Family History Diploma
 

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[i] "Cornwall Assizes," Royal Cornwall Gazette, Falmouth Packet & Plymouth Journal, 22 April 1815, p. 4, col. 1; digital images, British Library Newspapers (http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/ : accessed 21 Jun 2016), The British Newspaper Archive.
[ii] Muster and Census records summarised:- Ancestry, "New South Wales, Australia, Settler and Convict Lists, 1787-1834," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 23 Jun 2016); Entries in 1816 for William Carbis (p.53/1, Line 5, image 104 & 105 of 525) & William Carbis (p.53/1, Line 6, image 104 & 105 of 525); Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Piece 3; Ancestry, "New South Wales, Australia, Settler and Convict Lists, 1787-1834," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 23 Jun 2016); Entries in 1817 for William Carbis (p.61, Line 8, image 113 & 114 of 565), William Carbis (p.61, Line 9, image 113 & 114 of 565) & Francis Bassett (p.34, Line 1, image 63 & 64 of 565); Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Piece 3.; Ancestry, "New South Wales, Australia, Settler and Convict Lists, 1787-1834," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 23 Jun 2016); Entries in 1819 for William Carbis (p.83, Line 22, image 164 & 165 of 898) & Wm Carbis Jnr (p.83, Line 23, image 164 & 165 of 898); Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication Class: HO 10; Piece: 1/1 Year 1788-1819; Ancestry, "New South Wales, Australia, Settler and Convict Lists, 1787-1834," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 23 Jun 2016); Entries in 1820 for William Carbis 1 (p.94, Line 1, image 177 & 178 of 549) & William Carbis 2 (p.94, Line 1, image 177 & 178 of 549); Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Piece 12. The National Archives of the UK (TNA), Kew, Surrey, England; Ancestry, "New South Wales, Australia, Settler and Convict Lists, 1787-1834," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 23 Jun 2016); Entries in 1821 for William Carbis (p.90, Line 14, image 171 & 172 of 478) & William Carbis Junr (p.90, Line 15, image 171 & 172 of 478); Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Piece 15,The National Archives of the UK (TNA), Kew, Surrey, England. Year 1821; Ancestry, "New South Wales and Tasmania, Australia Convict Musters, 1806-1849," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 23 Jun 2016); Entry in 1822 for Williiam Corbis (p.71, Line 30, Image 141 of 685); Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Piece 36; The National Archives of the UK (TNA), Kew, Surrey, England; Ancestry, "New South Wales and Tasmania, Australia Convict Musters, 1806-1849," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 23 Jun 2016); Entry in 1825 for William Corbis (p.117, Line 15, image 229 of 697); Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Piece 19; The National Archives of the UK (TNA), Kew, Surrey, England; Ancestry, "1828 New South Wales, Australia Census (TNA Copy)," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 24 Jun 2016); Entry # 511 for Francis Bassett (p.12, Line 7, image 23 of 663); Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Pieces 21-28); The National Archives of the UK (TNA), Kew, Surrey, England; Ancestry, "1828 New South Wales, Australia Census (TNA Copy)," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 24 Jun 2016); Entry # 573 for Francis Bassett (p.63, Line 3, image 121 & 122 of 382); Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Pieces 21-28); The National Archives of the UK (TNA), Kew, Surrey, England; Ancestry, "1828 New South Wales, Australia Census (TNA Copy)," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 24 Jun 2016); Entry in 1828 Alphabetical listing C-D for # 340 for William Carbiss or Carbett (p.14, Line 7, image 29 & 30 of 459); Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Pieces 21-28); The National Archives of the UK (TNA), Kew, Surrey, England.; Ancestry, "1828 New South Wales, Australia Census (Australian Copy)," database and images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 24 Jun 2016); Entry #335 William Carbiss or Corbett (p.np# line 23, image 221 of 292); Surnames A-C. Original data: New South Wales Government. 1828 Census: Householders’ returns [Population and Statistics, Musters and Census Records, Census, Colonial Secretary]. Series 1273, Reels 2551-2552, 2506-2507. State Records Authority of New South Wales. Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia; & Johnson, Keith A., and Malcolm R. Sainty. 2001. 1828 Census of New South Wales. Sydney Library of Australian History, CD ROM edition. Entries for William Carbiss Jnr #C0340, .& Francis Bassett # B0573
[iii] Note according to the NRNSW website there is Ticket of Leave No. 2003 for William Carbis Snr Refer to index that cites SRNSW, NRS 12188, Bound manuscript indents 1788-1835, Fische 634 [4/4005] Entry for William Carbis page 2; However a “copy of [4/4003-19] ...items not available electronically (source " Series Detail ". 2016.Investigator.Records.Nsw.Gov.Au. Accessed June 10 2016.” (http://investigator.records.nsw.gov.au/Entity.aspx?Path=\Series\12188.))
[iv] SRNSW, Colonial Secretary Correspondence Letters Received 1826-1934 Petitions, 4/2247, 34/205
[v] Bruce Kercher, The Unruly Child: A History of Law in Australia (Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 1995), pp. 22-42
[vi] Ancestry.com. New South Wales and Tasmania, Australia Convict Musters, 1806-1849 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2007. Entry 1825 for Francis Bassett (image 49 of 697) Original data: Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania; (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Pieces 5, 19-20, 32-51)